Intercultural Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Intercultural Communication - Essay Example Many organizations hire individuals from different countries to serve in different capacities within their ranks. One challenge that employees face in such organizations is understanding people with backgrounds that are different from theirs (Wang & Li, 2007). In such an environment, employees need to develop skills that enable them to become successful and effective intercultural communicators as they engage their colleagues in communication and as they interact at the workplace. Communication is one of the major components of effectiveness at a work place, the reason being that without effective communication, there are high chances of distortion in the message. This tenet affects the outcome of an instruction or direction and increases chances of poor performance. However, cultural differences have the potential to create considerable difficulty in intercultural communication since culture has a strong effect on beliefs, values, nonverbal behavior, language, worldviews and relationships with other people (Chitakornkijsil, 2010). For the management, intercultural communication facilitates the exchange of meanings between them and other managers from other countries. Managers who have subordinates from different countries working under them face the challenge of encoding and decoding messages in the correct way to ensure that the message is interpreted correctly. Every international manager qualifies as a communicator in the sense that they do or say conveys essential information to someone or a group of people within or outside the organization (Lauring, 2011). In a world where no country is self-sufficient in terms of resources, cultures and markets increasingly converge. For an organization to record considerable success in today’s business environment, it has to adopt cross-cultural teamwork and collaboration (Samovar, McDaniel &

Tess of the dUrbervilles Essay Example for Free

Tess of the dUrbervilles Essay In the novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles, Thomas Hardy makes extensive use of nature and setting to portray personal relationships and emotions, in particular that of Tess and Angel Clare. Using features from Pathetic Fallacy to extended metaphors, Hardy presents the two characters as being at one with nature and directly linked to the seasons. In Tess of the dUrbervilles, the characters and setting mirror each other. Tess moves between different settings through the stages of the novel, each mirroring her emotional and mental state. In chapter XV1, the beginning of phase the third, the pleasant vale echoes Tess’s newfound happiness, which resonates in the lush surroundings and bright May sunshine. By starting the phase with ‘on a thyme-scented, bird hatching morning in May’ Hardy is presenting an optimistic viewpoint, one of hope and a new beginning. Throughout the novel there is an extended metaphor of Tess being bird like, elegant and at home with nature and the imagery of ‘bird-hatching’ presents the inference that it is a new start for Tess, full of life and energy. This portrayal of ‘life’ is carried through this chapter with Hardy making reference to ‘the evangelist’; this is in fact John the Baptist whom sees the river of life in a vision, this significantly links to the new lease of life before Tess, a new start where there were ‘no invidious eyes upon her’. By introducing Angel almost as soon as Tess establishes her newfound freedom and hope, Hardy makes it clear from the outset that this relationship will be more significant than any other. This is a deliberate structural choice as Tess is at her happiest point, and the change could either make or break her character. Although their paths cross in ‘the maiden’ chapter 2, Tess and angel do not become fully acquainted until Chapter 19 where Angel plays his harp to Tess. This is a key scene in the novel as, it establishes the terms of Tess and Angel’s relationship. They idealise each other; he sees her as a simple ‘daughter of the soil’, she sees him as an ‘intelligence’. The references to Tess’s difficulty in describing her emotions, the spirit of the age and the ‘ache of modernism’ are suggestive of Hardy’s interest in modernity. But we also see how Tess is subject to and driven by nature’s rhymes. Tess is described animalistically, first as a bird-reminding us of chapter 9 and then as a cat; ‘she went stealthily as a cat’. The garden’s red stains, sticky profusion and clouds of pollen; echoing the clouds of dust in the barn at Chaseborough in Chapter 10, which are symbolic of abundant fertility, desire and insemination. In the chapter Tess becomes entranced by the music Angel plays on the harp, this is significant as it mirrors the cows and the effect the harp playing has on them, again signifying that Tess is animalistic and at one with nature. The description of the scene in which they meet is very plain, and naturalistic- there is a strong semantic field of nature with lexis such as ‘cuckoo-spittle’ (insect secretion) and ‘blights’. Although all seems at peace and neutral, there are some underlying warnings within the first transactional meeting of the pair. For instance the ‘madder stains’ which is a crimson like dye, significant because of the connotations of the warning colour red and the ‘red’ theme that seemingly follows Tess throughout the novel. Starting from her red hair bow at the town dance and continuing with the death of the horse ‘Prince’ and Tess’s blood stained body. These are omens predetermining the harsh future and the doomed relationship between Tess and Angel. Although the saying goes opposites attract, the opposites are shown to be the downfall of Tess and Alec, Hardy presents him as a well to do, respectable man; he is a man of the 1890s who rejects the precepts of Christianity, as we learn in chapter 18 where Clare rejects the key tenets of his Fathers Anglican faith. Tess on the other hand is portrayed as plain and naturalistic. In phase the fourth after falling in love with Tess, Angel retreats to his family to ask permission to marry Tess. It is with this we see that the two do not match, Tess is not suited to the cultural life Clare can offer. Angel’s life at Talbothays is in striking contrast to that of his family; the natural, rural life of the farm is opposed to the cultured life of the traditional vicarage. The time of day is significant, in chapter xxv when Angel is at his parents vicarage it is described as ‘dusk’ and ‘when evening drew on’, this is dissimilar to the ‘hot weather of July’ Talbothays and is a further indication that it is not suited to Tess. Nature is portrayed as a force throughout the novel, it seems to act as a challenge for the relationship and sometimes seems to be the physical motion blocking the relationship from flourishing even more. The personification of all things naturalistic effectively acts as omens and connections, Tess is often connected to the birds, the cows and flowers; but this is only when there is no male presence. When she is seemingly with a male or in an aspiring relationship, nature turns nasty. What starts as the ‘thyme scented’ morning- implying a positive future, grows ugly; the start of chapter 18, depicts a growing Angel Clare, much like a plant, ‘Angel Clare rises out of the past’ and this is the catalyst for natures decline in mood. The chapters that proceed Angels rising, all seem somewhat negative and dark, as if nature casts a shadow over Tess. Chapter 20 begins with ‘the season developed and matured’ and makes reference to nature being replaceable, ‘where only a year ago others had stood in their place’ – this is hardy referring to Tess’s past with Alec and giving a warning that Angel and Tess’s relationship is covering over the cracks and in fact Angel may be no different to Alec. Chapter 23 portrays nature as a force, it begins with ‘the hot weather of July crept upon them’ Personifying nature and giving it the ability to ‘creep’ makes the relationship seem unimportant and vulnerable against the world. The chapter has numerous omens of bad will to the couple, ‘it was Sunday morning; the milking was done’ with Sunday predominantly and traditionally being the day of rest, it is an ill omen to work on this day, and with the feature of pathetic fallacy, Hardy omits the force of nature against this sin- ‘steaming rains’ and ‘heavy thunderstorms’. In phase the fifth – the woman pays, the omens are made reality, Angel rejects Tess, even though at this point they are wed, he refuses to notice any relationship but will not divorce for traditional pride and societal embarrassment. In chapter 35 we see the consequences of Tess’s and Angel’s idealising love, repetition is used to intensify feeling , while the cottager’s observation makes Tess and Angel feel drawn out and secluded. The rest of the world seems indifferent to their plight, this is shown with the metaphorical ruined abbey portraying their dead relationship, the abbey symbolises the decline of conventional morality, but in its gothic description also adds to the feeling that Angel is haunted by the spectre of simple natural Tess, grotesquely transformed into a delinquent aristocrat. This a melodramatic, almost sarcastic tone to the chapter, Angel emits a tear and even simple everyday objects like the fire are transformed by Tess’s confession; ‘the fire looked impish-demoniacally funny’. The three phases analysed are key to understanding the characters of Angel and more importantly Tess. We see Tess at her happiest working with nature, living in the rural farm of Talbothays. This has been her destiny throughout the novel, she has been linked to the birds and the seasons mirror her emotional state. The introduction of Angel disrupts the natural balance and leaves Tess feeling out of place and not in synch with nature. Angels arrival see’s Tess try to become something she is not, she wants to fit in with a higher societal class and in doing so breaches class boundaries so she does not feel able to fit in any environment. Hardy cleverly uses Pathetic fallacy and extended metaphors throughout to signify changes in relationship, with rain and thunder being when Tess is at her least happy, when Angel rejects their marriage but refuses a divorce. All in all I conclude that nature acts as a great force that blocks a flourishing relationship between the two, it casts shadows over future prospects and makes like hard for Tess to fit in.

Brave New World :: essays papers

Brave New World Imagine living in a society where there is no such thing as mothers or fathers, where you look exactly like the 500 people standing next to you, where casual sex and drug use is not only allowed, but is encouraged. Well, the society in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, is just that. While the prophecies from the Brave New World society are quite different from those of today, they can be argued as both right and wrong, but , and the technology to make them happen may be just around the corner. The society of the Brave New World is quite different from ours, with their lack of spirituality proving that point. â€Å"The pleasure-seeking society pursues no spiritual experiences or joys, preferring carnal ones. The lack of religion that seeks a true transcendental understanding helps ensure that the masses of people, upper and lower classes, have no reason to rebel† . Another main difference, is the absence of mothers and fathers, and the technology that makes it possible. â€Å"Brave New World is a futuristic society designed by genetic engineering, and controlled by neural conditioning with mind-altering drugs and manipulative media. It predestines human embryos to certain levels of intelligence, and chemically does away with the concept of old age†. Today, the technology is simply not available to create hundreds of humans from the same egg. Yet another prophecy that differs greatly from those of today, is the use of soma and casual sex. In today’s soc iety both of these things are frowned upon greatly. However, in the brave new world, they are promoted. The prophecies promoted in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, are quite different from those promoted in today’s society. Even though the new society digresses greatly from today’s, were the ideas promoted really all that bad? It could be argued either way. One side may argue that there is nothing really wrong with continuously physically pleasuring yourself. After all, if â€Å"everybody belongs to everybody else†, there would be a lot less fighting. If technology did not allow for any of the consequences associated with drugs, then what would be so wrong about them? What if you did not have to go through life behaving yourself, because the concept of having to get into heaven simply did not exist. Would it not be nice to not have to deal with all the pain and grieving death brings, to be able to simply accept it and move on?

Parallels between Scottsboro and Maycomb Essay

To Kill a Mockingbird, a classic novel written by Harper Lee, is focused on racism that takes place in Maycomb, Alabama during the 1930s, where African Americans were segregated by white men. Harper Lee said that the Scottsboro trial, which was a trial that started because of discrimination, inspired her on writing To Kill a Mockingbird. Despite the differences between the Scottsboro Boys and To Kill a Mockingbird, both of them had an impact on the racial implications and laws of the south. The Scottsboro Trials was a sad tragedy that took place in Alabama during the 1930s. While nine black youth, ages from 13 to 21, were on a train heading to Memphis, Tennessee to find a job, a fight between the nine black youths and a group of white men started. After the white men were kicked out of the train, they reported what had happened to a stationmaster, and the station master stopped the train at a town called Paint Rock. After the train stopped, a group of policed jumped on the train and arrested the nine black youths. When they are caught on the train, two white women, dressed in men’s clothes, were found hiding on the train. Then the two white women accused the nine black youths raping them without any evidence. Because raping in 1930s in the Deep South was a big crime, so many trials started. At the end, every one of the Scottsboro Boys were sentenced to death except for the youngest one, Roy Wright, who was 13 years old. The reason why the jurors did not sentence him to death is because of his age. Although he was not sentenced to death, he was still sentenced for spending his life time in jail (The Scottsboro Case (1931)) (Lanset). Maycomb, Alabama is the main setting that the book, To Kill a Mockingbird, took place. Maycomb and the Scottsboro Trials are similar because they both relate to the discrimination between African Americans and white men. It was Tom Robinson, who was accused of rape by a white woman, just as the Scottsboro Boys was, and he was sentenced guilty by all-white juries even though he did nothing wrong. Although he wasn’t sentenced to death, he was still killed by jail guards who shot seventeen bullets at him just because he tried to escape. To Kill a Mockingbird and the Scottsboro Boys are similar because Harper Lee based her story on the Scottsboro Trials. The first case took place during April 1931, and it was taken to the juries around three pm. For less than two hours, the juries announced the verdict, death penalty; after the crows outside heard it, they yelled of approval. Also, the juries also warned people who were in the courthouse that there must be no demonstration staged after the verdict, so the people in the courtroom just applauded, while people outside cheered wildly. The second trial that was held on April 8th, for eighteen-year-old Haywood Patterson. Then the jury announced a verdict of death penalty within three hours. The third case was tried with five boys; Olin Montgomery, who was seventeen and nearly blind, Andy Wright (18 years old), Eugene Williams (17 years old), Willie Robeson (17 years old), and Ozie Powell, who was 16 years old. During this trial, Willie RObeson was suffering from a bad venereal disease, so it was pretty much impossible to rape somebody with that disease. However, the case went to the jury at four pm, and next morning, the verdict was still a death penalty. During the trials, Governor Benjamin Miller even sent the Alabama National Guard to Scottsboro to prevent a death sentence, but at the end, eight of the Scottsboro Boys were still sentenced to death, except for the youngest one, Roy Wright. Although Roy Wright wasn’t sentenced to death, he was still sentenced to be in jail for his whole life (Linder) (Salter). All the trials of Scottsboro started pretty much because of discrimination. On June 22, 1933, Jude James Horton was convinced that Victoria Price was lying because all her stories were inconsistent; also, she had no witnesses and medical evidences for her claims too. Another person, Dr. Lynch, who asked to talk to Horton privately, said that the girls were lying too. As a result, Judge Horton took his verdict of death penalty back, and announced that there will be a new trial. Attorney General Knight also promised that there would be evidences for Victoria Price’s rape story; Orville Gilley, a white boy on the train agreed to testify for the prosecution. William Callahan, a judge whose age is about 75, was going to participate in Haywood Patterson’s next trial on November 1933. During the trial, Judge Callahan cut off all the questions about Victoria Price’s chastity, character, and reputation. Also, when Leibowtiz queried Price about her probability of having sex with someone other than a Scottsboro Boy, Judge Callahan stopped him. He did these because he wanted to debunk this event off the American’s newspaper. Similarly to the Scottsboro trials, Tom Robinson’s trial in To Kill a Mockingbird also started because of discrimination. Mayella wanted to protect her dad, so she accused Tom, an African American, of raping her. She accused a black guy because she knew that in a fight, white men always win (Linder). The Scottsboro Trials incident had impacted the community’s racial climate and the ideologies during the 1930s. Firstly, it had forced the country to look back to their racial practices although white men disliked black men. Secondly, the African Americans changed from republicans to democratic community. Thirdly, the Scottsboro Trials made black men realize how badly the white men were treating them. For example, racial practices and how they were looked upon by law. Lastly, it also changed the way the legal system of the United States is viewed. Because of the Scottsboro Boys, the African Americans learned to fight for their rights†¦ (Ross) (Scottsboro Boys Hist2081) The discrimination between African Americans and white men was the reason why the Scottsboro Trials and the trial in To Kill a Mocking happened. Although black men lost in their trials, they later realize their power, and started to fight for their rights. The Scottsboro Trial is an event that impacted the whole world, especially America, making them realize several things they had done wrong, and to never repeat it again.

When to Consider a Single-Instance Erp Strategy

Reproduction of this publication in any form without prior written permission is forbidden. The Information contained herein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. Garner disclaims all warranties as to the accuracy, completeness or adequacy of such information. Although Garter's research may discuss legal issues related to the information technology business, Garner does not provide legal advice or services and its research should not be construed or used as such.Garner shall have no liability for errors, omissions or inadequacies in the information contained herein or for Interpretations thereof. The opinions expressed herein are subject to change without notice. WHAT you NEED TO KNOW Adopting a single-instance, single-vendor enterprise resource planning strategy can deliver benefits, but it does not make sense for every organization. It should only be undertaken If you have a good business case for the project and it matches most or all of Garter's single-instance success factors.If the challenges balance or outweigh the success factors, then you should address organizational issues before proceeding. If this Is not feasible, then consider Illimitableness consolidation or a tiered business application strategy. ANALYSIS Most large multinational organizations have a heterogeneous application portfolio hat has built up over time. The portfolio often is made more complex by tactical purchasing and merger and acquisition activity.Senior executives in such organizations are attracted to the idea of standardizing on applications from a single enterprise resource planning (ERP) vendor because of potential operational cost savings and reduced complexity of the IT landscape (see Note 1). Vendor consolidation is often a first step toward instance consolidation. ; A single instance of an application can run all operating companies on a common process template, a ingle release AT ten application Ana a giggle copy AT ten applications dataset, using a cons olidated technical infrastructure.A single-instance strategy can drive cost reductions in several areas, including integration, interfaces, training, support and hardware. In addition, potential benefits may be found in process improvements, better data consistency and improved visibility of information. However, adopting a single-instance, single-vendor ERP strategy is not a task to be undertaken lightly, because it can create disruption in enterprise operations and often involves replacing some systems that are favored by users.Even if the business case appears to support the deployment of a single-instance ERP solution, there still may be significant obstacles to overcome. Certain types of organizations will find it more difficult to realize the benefits of a single-instance ERP strategy because of their culture and infrastructure. See Table 1 to determine whether single-system ERP might work for your organization. Rank yourself against each of the categories. If you have mainly (or exclusively) success factors, then a single-instance ERP strategy is more likely to be successful. Table 1 .Single-Instance ERP Success Factors and Challenges Enterprise Profile Business Model Corporate Culture and Policy Definition Geographical Concentration Success Factors Single primary core business with similar business processes Centralized with strong corporate head office; policy dictated at corporate level and globally enforced Company aspires to operate as a single global company, and operations, sales and marketing are concentrated in a single geographical region Stable, unlikely to undergo dramatic growth or downsizing Challenges Diversified group with wide range of business processes Decentralized tit autonomous business units; policy decided at the business-unit level Company operates as a multinational company, and operations, sales and marketing are distributed globally Dynamic, growing rapidly or downsizing significantly Business Environment publication Date: 28 September 2005/AD Number: GO 30366 2005 Garner, Inc. And/or its Affiliates. All Rights Reserved.Page 2 of 6 Merger, Acquisition and Divestiture Status Established ERP Systems Technology Environment Acquiring smaller entities that are easily absorbed into the corporate culture Highly likely to be acquired or merge with a company of a similar size (or larger); vesting encore businesses Diverse, with an even spread from potential single- system suppliers Architecture and technology are decided at the business-unit level Elemental mummer, wilt majority AT systems Trot likely single-system vendor Enterprise-level architecture with similar technologies Source: Garner (September 2005) Note that the scope of this analysis is limited to the processes automated through traditional ERP systems, such as financial, HRS, procurement, inventory management, production planning and order management. Single-instance strategies are typically noninsured first in the ERP domain because these processes are more internally focused and homogeneous, and have less impact on competitive differentiation. Suitability of a single-instance strategy in other domains, such as customer relationship management (CRM), product life cycle management (PLUM) and supply chain management (SCM), should be assessed following a similar process. However, with CRM, PLUM and SCM, organizations are even less likely to meet the criteria in Table 1 and will typically discover that a single-instance strategy doesn't align with the business strategy.By implication, even if a single-instance ERP environment is successfully created, most organizations will have to support multiple instances of peripheral systems. Enterprise Profile Elements ; Business Model: Organizations in service industries such as software or financial services will find adoption of single- system ERP easier than those with a diversified business model, because the ERP adoption will primarily affect their back-office administrative functions. Process changes in these areas will have less impact on revenue-creating activities and, therefore, are lower risk than changes in operational areas such as manufacturing and logistics operations.Corporate Culture and Policy Definition: Organizations that operate in a decentralized manner with highly autonomous business units may find these operations unwilling to release control of local systems to a central IT function. If there is a culture of local decision making, then business-unit executives may not be willing to accept a decision that is mandated from the corporate head office. Geographical Concentration: Companies that aspire to operate as global companies (operate on a common set of business processes across the globe) are well- positioned to achieve a global single instance, because they align the IT strategy with he business strategy.Companies operating as multinationals (have a unique set of business processes for local markets, particularly sales and marketing, and SC M), will have difficulties running their international businesses on a common system. Also, organizations that are physically concentrated in a single geographical region will find it easier to achieve a single instance, because support and operations of the system take place in a narrow range of adjacent time zones. The need to support a single instance around the clock creates issues with available support windows for upgrades and maintenance, and possibly network-related performance and availability issues.Business Environment: A single-instance ERP strategy may not be appropriate for organizations that face significant change. Implementation of a single-instance system may be thrown into disarray if there is a significant change of direction in the business Page 3 of 6 (for example, a manufacturer decides to sell its manufacturing operations and focus instead on design and logistics services). ; Merger, Acquisition and Divestiture Status: This aspect of the general business situ ation can have a major impact on a single- instance strategy. Organizations that are likely to acquire or merge with entities of a similar size may find their investment in a significance strategy compromised if they merge with organizations that use different ERP systems.Established ERP Systems: If the ERP system from a potential single-instance vendor is already used in the majority of the organization, then there may be little resistance to a wider deployment. Many organizations have initially implemented multiple instances of a single ERP system are now considering instance consolidation. However, if there is no nominate provider, then a single-instance strategy will face resistance, because some users are likely to fight to retain their â€Å"much loved† locally implemented systems from â€Å"their† vendors. Technology Environment: Similar challenges may arise if there is no common technology environment and enterprise architecture in place.A single- instance stra tegy requires the adoption of a specific technology environment (operating system, database, middleware and other IT infrastructure), and organizations that already have an enterprise architecture in place will find it easier to implement a single-instance approach. When the technology environment is defined at the business-unit level, local IT functions may resist moving away from their architecture to that which is required to support the single-instance strategy. Determining Who Drives the Initiative Often, instance consolidation initiatives are driven by the IT organization on the basis of simplification of the application landscape, and the IT technical and support infrastructure. Table 1 shows that five out of the seven success factors are within the business domain and entirely outside the control of the IT organization.This underscores the point that instance installation projects should primarily be business-driven projects, with a business case solidly based on business be nefits. Without understanding, sponsorship and commitment at the senior business management level, the project is doomed to fail. The IT organization plays a critical role in educating the business units, and planning and executing the project; however, it does not own the project. What to Do If the generalness outlawed ten success Factors organizations considering giggle-alliance ERP that find the challenges outweigh the success factors have other options: 1 . Consider a limited ERP vendor and infrastructure consolidation strategy, without moving to a single-instance consolidation.This strategy will enable organizations to achieve some efficiency improvements in the IT organization by consolidating some of the operating and support infrastructure of the ERP systems. However, the strategy will not realize the full benefits of a single-instance system. This strategy may be suitable for organizations that are diversified and decentralized in nature, operate in a highly dynamic market environment and consider IT costs to be a significant factor. A common approach is to adopt vendor consolidation with some level of instance consolidation (for example, regional or divisional instances). 2. Adopt a tiered business application strategy (see â€Å"How to Approach Tiered Business Applications†), where specific applications are adopted to address the needs of decentralized business units.Page 4 of 6 3. Address the organizational issues that are creating the challenges prior to implementing the single-instance strategy. There are two main actions that need to be taken to address these organizational issues: ; Involve business-unit executives in alluding and reviewing the business case to create buy-in. Develop a feasibility study that shows how business-unit requirements can be accommodated in a single- instance implementation, and build an instance strategy to support this. Consider getting business-unit executives to develop a business case to Justify why their business unit should not be included in a single-instance solution.Get the executive management team to understand and accept how investing in a single-instance strategy can affect your merger and acquisition strategy. During their due diligence, organizations adopting a single-instance strategy must take account of how ERP systems are used by potential acquisition targets. Similarly, a single-instance strategy may limit downsizing options, because it will be difficult to divest parts of the business on an ongoing basis if they do not have their own business applications. If significant divestiture is likely, then a single-instance ERP project should be deferred until the business environment stabilizes. Key Issues How can more value be gained from an enterprise resource planning investment?Note 1 Definition of Single Instance A single instance of an ERP system is when a single installation of the application is linked to a single database. This significantly sleepless support Ana m alfeasance Decease tenure Is only one set AT application infrastructure to be maintained. This does not necessarily mean that all business units have to use the same business rules, because most ERP systems enable different entities within a single instance to have a degree of uniqueness. However, there will be constraints on the capability of the business units to define their own business rules (compared to separate instances for each business unit).

Public Relations of Toyota Essays

Public Relations of Toyota Essays Public Relations of Toyota Essay Public Relations of Toyota Essay Public Relations of Toyota Throughout the years Toyota has enjoyed a solid reputation for half a century. Toyota produced quality, durable vehicles that outlasted and outperformed many vehicles. However Toyota has been hit with a lot of scandals and has been misunderstood. Toyota is now taking steps in the right direction to minimize negative situations involving the accelerators on some of its vehicles. Toyota is now reconnecting to their customers and changing the outlook on their views of Toyota as a whole! The public relations professionals are working hard at developing a good, positive relationship between a firm and the public it serves. With investing in great public relations for your business will help your businesses success. Great Public Relations, supporting your business can create and build up the image of successful company. During times of adverse publicity an effective Public Relations professional, can remove the misunderstanding and can create mutual understanding between the business and the public? Toyota strives to assist the communities where we live and work by supporting local organizations focused on the areas of environment, education, and safety to family’s everywhere. In addition, Toyota partners with several regions, in the Northeastern, Midwestern, Southeastern, and Western of the U. S. Toyota is a company based for family and values their customers with great customer service. In almost every city there is a Toyota dealer near to help service every Toyota customer needs. Public Relations play an important role in developing a credible and recognizable brand online and offline for any business and it harnesses the power of third party testimonials in the media. Public Relations, delivers a tremendous return on investments because the articles and stories generated in the media are credible. When a Public Relations program is implemented in conjunction with marketing and advertising programs, a brand can be developed and strengthened over a period of time. A successful brand always comes from customers with their love and support for the company brand. In addition, all of great things that customers think of the company’s brand it what builds the company’s brand image. Toyota Public Relations professionals recognized this when building the brand of their company, since they had their very first fall, with recalls and accelerators on some of its vehicles. Toyota was first founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937 as a spinoff from his fathers company Toyota Industries to create automobiles. The name Toyota is from the founders name (Toyoda) the Toyota symbol represents the T in Toyota. The Toyota symbol is all the letters of Toyota, stylized and overlayed. The two interlocking circles inside the larger circle represent Toyota the company and the customer/consumer and represents their inter-relations and importance to another. The larger circle represents the world and the idea that Toyota and their customers are a part of it. Toyota spent roughly $1 billion on marketing during the fourth quarter of 2009 alone in an attempt to help drive up sales of its vehicles in the U. S. (W. Scott, 2010). Although Toyota has had to shift gears from that proactive push and into a reactive mode more recently, the automaker expects to spend less on advertising in 2010 than it did in 2009. But industry experts say the automaker must remain aggressive if it hopes to grow sales and repair its image (W. Scott, 2010). Toyota is now making steps to rebuild their image, in a great way, the first positive step in what will most likely connect with public relations overhauls that aim to socially re-connect Toyota to their consumers. Toyota’s new technique of brand marketing has given other Public Relations professionals a creative method to follow when creating campaigns for their customers. In addition, In order to keep the publics perception is the publics reality, and the perception is slowly but surely looking great. Hence, it is very crucial for any business to run a public relations campaign, however, the traditional modes of running such a campaign are slowly becoming obsolete. It is extremely important for more and more businesses to update their, public relations campaign for the 21st century. And also, to act immediate with new methodologies and tools, which include blogging and social media sites. In today’s society the Internet allows companies to take on a new benefit that they would not be able to use in the real world without technology. Creating different services online will ensure your company’s brand is stronger than the rest. Online customers can interact with the company’s brand and its identity in a way no other medium can. Social media sites, such as Facebook is a vast opportunity for businesses to promote their brand online to millions of people at once and at no cost. Today, Toyota’s social media strategy is to urge the public to invent ways to use Toyota’s technology in new, innovative ways, ways that will help â€Å"make a better world†. This new strategy will work brilliantly to create millions of consumers and buyers for the company’s brand (Toyota) and keep them interested in what the company has more to offer. Toyota uses social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube to create a digital dialogue with its customers. Kimberly Kyaw, Senior Media Strategist, for Toyota Motor Sales, U. S. A. , and Inc. as hired on by Toyota to in 1999, to lead Toyota’s digital media strategy and planning for general and multi-cultural markets (imediaconnection, 2012). Soon after Kyaw, handled escalated customer cases when appropriate, offered goodwill to maintain customer satisfaction loyalty. Developed marketing strategy (objectives, targeting, positioning, messaging, source of sales and key market/consumer insight s) to inform communication creative plan. Analyzed quantitative and qualitative data and identified consumer and market trends to create actionable recommendations for future vehicle enhancements, lifecycle planning pricing. Kyaw, provided the company with the necessary information Toyota now has connections with 500 plus networkers that interacts with social media scene. This will allow customers and employees to interact and suggest ways of improving the company’s services and products. Since the beginning of Toyota’s test run with social media sites they have used such sites to help promote events and initiatives such as â€Å"Try before you buy†. This method is used for many potential customers for Toyota, who are looking into buying new Toyota vehicle. Or perhaps, may be in the market for a new vehicle and want to experience driving without dealing with a sales associate. This is Toyota’s new secret weapon called â€Å"Toyota Rent-A-Car† (TRAC) it gives drivers the opportunity to enjoy a new Toyota or Scion before committing to a purchase or lease. Also, being dealer-based means that you can purchase a TRAC vehicle if your weekend romance with a Toyota or Scion rental turns into a long lasting love affair! This new marketing method for Toyota has been a success and contributed millions to the company. This has also been the most engaging factor on Travelocity, with advertisement in the last year. Toyota, also used social media to promote their Toyota Pro Celebrity Race, it has brought together a star-studded field of Hollywood’s elite to race for charity. The race is brought on by many stars from film, television, music, sports and fashion that will showcase their newly earned racing chops in identically prepared, race-ready Scion TCs on the historic 10-lap, 1. 97-mile street circuit through the downtown streets of Long Beach in Southern California. On behalf of each celebrity racer, Toyota donates $5,000 to racing for Kids every year and another $5,000 to the winning racer’s charity of choice. Racing for Kids, a national nonprofit program benefiting children’s hospitals throughout the country, (in this case, Miller Children’s Hospital in Long Beach and Children’s Hospital in Orange County, Calif. ), was created as a way to connect sick children with their favorite celebrities and race-car drivers. Toyota has donated more than $1. 9 million to various children’s hospitals since 1991, on behalf of this race and its participants (ELB, 2011). Just like any business there are ups and downfalls, and Toyota has seen their fair share of both. In 2009, Toyota came under attack by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration that established 3. 8 million of its vehicles of having an unintended acceleration defect. This was led to a tragic accident with a California family who was an owner of a Lexus a (Toyota vehicle) losing four people in the car due to the floor mat, being on the accelerator. Although, the federal agency said it was still investigating the exact cause of the acceleration problem, this still left Toyota owners concerned and terrified. This was brought to the media on a silver platter, with the news, and dealerships everywhere. Toyota released a letter, with apology and tried to correct the problem but mistakenly made matters worse. The letter was misleading and didn’t sound sincere nor did it correct the problem it clearly stated that there was no major problem with the Toyota vehicles. This almost destroyed Toyota makers as a whole! However, Toyota took action and right away got great public relations personnel, and they started monitoring their campaign sites often with updates daily. Toyota corrected the problem with the media and consumers by providing the customer with newer and better quality vehicles. They are slowly but surely rebuilding the trust of their loyal customers and regaining them back. They have made a remedy to the situation with providing safer vehicles. Toyota’s Public relations personnel addressed consumers concerns and followed up with action. As a public relations professional in the 21st century, it’s important to constantly reach out to the public, not only to enhance your company’s appearance, but to do on to he customers in a good as well. Even though Toyota will undoubtedly be under the magnifying glass for their latest recall, having a public relations professional can be an excellent card to pull when having a downfall. The Nonprofit and for-profit businesses have multiple similarities and difference. The different marketing concepts contribute to the differing factor being the purpose of for-profit marketing is t o encourage customers to buy, while the purpose of nonprofit marketing is to encourage people to give as a charity. Investment returns may vary between the two, although the principles of marketing still remain the same, however some of the methods must be different. In that being said, the main purpose of marketing for-profit businesses is to inform potential customers in your target market to let them know about your product or service and how it can benefit them, with a goal of selling it in exchange for money. The business keeps the money, and the customer enjoys the product or service that they had purchased. However, for profit marketing focuses on developing new markets and ideas, for existing products or identifying markets for new product lines ahead. Then so, as non-profit business markets the work it does. Building customer awareness is the main factor of the marketing industry. The customer gives money to the organization in exchange for the opportunity to contribute towards its humanitarian work and good deed. For profit marketing, focuses on keeping the funds, while the individual retains their knowledge from the organization. Meanwhile, the organization uses the money to make a difference in society and to its organization as well. For-profit business can market using a variety of methods, such as marketing mix, target market identification, position, branding, and public relations and advertising. The not for profits organizations use the majority of these methods; for instance, the non-profit will conduct market analysis to identify potential donors and sponsors. Nonprofits organizations are tax exempt. Most of them are supported by their members of the organizations who take pride in the organization. Nonprofit organizations have members who contribute to the organization. They also have donations and grants that help support their organization which makes them different from a for profit business. A nonprofit organization maintains its great reputation by helping others and giving back to the public. The difference between the marketing of the two types of businesses is the fulfillment of the customer need. Unlike the for-profit makes a profit on the sales from the customer’s purchases. Meanwhile the goal of the for-profit marketing customer has a need of their own that they want to fulfill by making purchasing to their business of choice and getting great customer service in return. There are many nonprofits businesses that do conduct retail sales of promotional items to help raise funds, but this is not their primary product or service, this is just a short term offer to make customers feel good about their purchasing by also contributing to a good cause. In today’s society building and promoting a company’s brand takes a lot of effort and hard work. There are many different methods that public relations professionals can take a hold of when rebuilding a company’s brand or even making it better than before. The changes in the 21st century have made it easy for non-profit and for-profit businesses to communicate to the media. Great Public Relations professionals know how to conduct business in a professional way with the media and still uphold the company by supporting their image. Public relations professionals will and always further enhance the likelihood through its own growth and development and will produce more success towards businesses. By Public relations professionals having a prompt respond to the media can help the businesses image and withhold their loyal consumers. Great Public Relations professional always has a plan and they direct the development and communication of informational programs to maintain favorable public and stockholder perceptions of an organizations accomplishments and agenda. Indeed, a great public relations professional is great to have on your side when coming into a downfall with a company and needing help with a spokesperson. All in all Public relation personals contribute success to many company’s and organizations.

Free Essays on “South Park’s Interpretation Of America”

, America should do one thing and say another. This way America can go to war yet protest it at the same time. Personally, I agree with the South Park theory. This strategy of indecision showed up in the Cold war when Johnson campaigned for presidency in 1964. When he ran, he declared that he was anti-war and claimed that he would pull our troops out of Vietnam. However, soon after he was elected an American ship was attacked and nearly sunk. It was later discovered that this incident, Gulf Tonkin, was fabricated by President Johnson. This shows that America wants to â€Å"have their cake and eat it to† because Johnson got everything he wanted: the image of being anti-war for elections and the ability to get involved in the war. Some other examples of America â€Å"saying on thing and doing another† were also during the Cold War. During this time period America was determined to promote capitalism all over the world. However, to do this we needed an image of being â€Å"liberators† so countries trust us and turn to capitalism. As a result, after the Geneva Peace Conference of 1954 Vietnam was supposed to have free elections and become an independent republic. Although, in 1956 the communist leader Ho Chi Minh was about to be re-elected so America decided not to recognize the elections. This shows that America is declaring to be liberators; however, they are refusing to recognize free elections if the country is communist. Together, these two instances show that America can manipulate the it’s people and other count... Free Essays on â€Å"South Park’s Interpretation Of America† Free Essays on â€Å"South Park’s Interpretation Of America† The South Park episode which we watched in class, gives an interpretation of America’s political system. In the show, the boys discover that the founding fathers couldn’t decide whether or not to go to war with England. After a heated discussion, John Hancock, the head of Congress, and the founding fathers decided that America should be based on a system which can, â€Å"have their cake and eat it too†. In other words, America should do one thing and say another. This way America can go to war yet protest it at the same time. Personally, I agree with the South Park theory. This strategy of indecision showed up in the Cold war when Johnson campaigned for presidency in 1964. When he ran, he declared that he was anti-war and claimed that he would pull our troops out of Vietnam. However, soon after he was elected an American ship was attacked and nearly sunk. It was later discovered that this incident, Gulf Tonkin, was fabricated by President Johnson. This shows that America wants to â€Å"have their cake and eat it to† because Johnson got everything he wanted: the image of being anti-war for elections and the ability to get involved in the war. Some other examples of America â€Å"saying on thing and doing another† were also during the Cold War. During this time period America was determined to promote capitalism all over the world. However, to do this we needed an image of being â€Å"liberators† so countries trust us and turn to capitalism. As a result, after the Geneva Peace Conference of 1954 Vietnam was supposed to have free elections and become an independent republic. Although, in 1956 the communist leader Ho Chi Minh was about to be re-elected so America decided not to recognize the elections. This shows that America is declaring to be liberators; however, they are refusing to recognize free elections if the country is communist. Together, these two instances show that America can manipulate the it’s people and other count...